Fungal Infection

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Fungal Infection

Fungal infections of the skin and its appendages are caused by microorganisms called fungi, and include mycosis of the skin, hair and nails (onychomycosis).

Laser is the most modern, fast, painless and effective treatment of onychomycosis. Laser light eradicates fungi naturally, without the side effects of drugs, leaving behind healthy and “clean” skin.

A complete treatment of onychomycosis requires 6-8 sessions, depending on the spread of the problem. However, there are more serious ones that require multiple visits to the dermatologist.

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Fungal Infection

What are they?

Fungi, in general, are single-celled plant organisms and show enormous diversity. They are found everywhere, living both in soil, water and air, and many of them live naturally as parasites in the human body without causing any harmful disease.

However, conditions of high temperature and humidity create a favourable environment for fungal growth, leading to fungal infections. In particular, when a person’s immune system is compromised, the occurrence of fungal infections is more frequent.

Onychomycosis mainly affects adults, although the number of cases of onychomycosis in childhood has increased considerably.

Fungal Infection

Symptoms

Depending on the level of tissue they affect, fungal infections can be classified into superficial and cutaneous.

  • Superficial fungal infections

    Limited to the outer layers of the skin and hair, but they can also affect the nails. They mainly affect the skin of young people and are most commonly found on the chest and back. The color of the spots that appear is usually brown. Factors that may cause the appearance of superficial mycoses are high humidity or hormonal abnormalities. Candidiasis belongs to this category. Candidiasis includes lenticular candidiasis, skin candidiasis and systemic candidiasis.

  • Skin or “deep” fungal infections

    Cutaneous fungal infections extend deeper into the skin and often appear on the scalp or nails. Fungal infections in this category are caused exclusively by Dermatophytes. Symptoms of fungal infections appear 2 to 38 weeks after the person is infected and are located in various places such as the nails, skin, feet and genitals. Furthermore, they can also appear in the form of a new nevus. Usually, depending on the site of occurrence, they are ring-shaped, with a red or beige color on the inside of the ring and a reddish tint around the periphery.

Fungal Infection

Transmission

Fungi are primarily transmitted by skin contact. They can be transmitted from person to person, and also by using other people’s personal belongings (e.g. towels, flip-flops). Transmission is very common in the summer, as the fungi can be transmitted by walking barefoot in the sand or pool area.

Fungal Infection

Causes

Several factors are responsible for the onset of mycosis, including the following:

  • Frequent use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Use of cortisone
  • Poor hygiene
  • Pregnancy
  • High fever
  • Taking antibiotics
  • Weakened immune system

Clinical Pictures

Fungal Infection

Treatment

The treatment of fungal infections should be carried out by a dermatologist, who is the most expert for the correct diagnosis and choice of treatment.

Early diagnosis of fungal infections contributes to their timely and effective treatment and includes the following stages:

  • Collection of a sample from the area where the fungal infection occurs
  • Microscopic examination of the fungus
  • Culture and isolation of the fungus
  • Identification of the fungus

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